Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing

Zhining Xu; Hairong Zhang; Ben Yao; Jianan Liu; Liang Yang; Jianping Shang; Jingyuan Fan; Lizhi Ouyang; Hua-Jun Shawn Fan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11

Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing

Zhining Xu, Hairong Zhang, Ben Yao, Jianan Liu, Liang Yang, Jianping Shang, Jingyuan Fan, Lizhi Ouyang, Hua-Jun Shawn Fan

Published in American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 8 March 2023 Accepted: 27 March 2023 Published: 15 April 2023

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Abstract

An 3D printing is a popular additive manufacturing tool that attracts attention from many sectors and direct slurry writing (DSW) printing is a suitable technique for creating functional ceramic material. This study investigates the suitable formula with various additives and binders and the process conditions that influence DSW printing quality. To combine the unique properties of PVP and PEG binders and attapulgite, various ceramic slurry formulas of attapulgite and TiO₂mixture were prepared for direct slurry writing (DSW) printing. Establishing both qualitative and quantitative assessments on the rheological outcomes, the ceramic slurry formula, printing parameter, drying, and sintering conditions, and the binder ratio for ceramic slurries was optimized. The results showed that the most optimal ratio for ceramic slurries is with 10% PVP or 5% PEG binder and the optimal attapulgite:TiO₂ ratio is 1:1, which the slurry showed no cracking or deformation when air dried, as well as no collapse and cracking after 900 C sintering. The optimized printing parameters for attapulgite-based ceramic slurry printing layer heights of 0.8 mm, the printing pressure of 0.10 MPa, and the printing speed at 20 mm/S. XRD confirmed that TiO₂ is a rutile phase. The stable and less active rutile phase of TiO₂ as a photocatalyst is confirmed by the inhibition zone test and growth inhibition assay. SEM results further showed agglomeration of TiO₂ after high-temperature sintering. This study lays a foundation for the attapulgite application in DSW printing to take advantage of its large specific surface areas.

Published in	American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11
Page(s)	71-80
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Nano TiO₂, 3D Printing, Ceramics Direct Slurry Writing DSW, Antibacterial, Mechanic Strengthening

References

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APA Style

Zhining Xu, Hairong Zhang, Ben Yao, Jianan Liu, Liang Yang, et al. (2023). Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing. American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, 8(2), 71-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11

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ACS Style

Zhining Xu; Hairong Zhang; Ben Yao; Jianan Liu; Liang Yang, et al. Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing. Am. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2023, 8(2), 71-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11

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AMA Style

Zhining Xu, Hairong Zhang, Ben Yao, Jianan Liu, Liang Yang, et al. Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing. Am J Sci Eng Technol. 2023;8(2):71-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11,
  author = {Zhining Xu and Hairong Zhang and Ben Yao and Jianan Liu and Liang Yang and Jianping Shang and Jingyuan Fan and Lizhi Ouyang and Hua-Jun Shawn Fan},
  title = {Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing},
  journal = {American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {71-80},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajset.20230802.11},
  abstract = {An 3D printing is a popular additive manufacturing tool that attracts attention from many sectors and direct slurry writing (DSW) printing is a suitable technique for creating functional ceramic material. This study investigates the suitable formula with various additives and binders and the process conditions that influence DSW printing quality. To combine the unique properties of PVP and PEG binders and attapulgite, various ceramic slurry formulas of attapulgite and TiO2 mixture were prepared for direct slurry writing (DSW) printing. Establishing both qualitative and quantitative assessments on the rheological outcomes, the ceramic slurry formula, printing parameter, drying, and sintering conditions, and the binder ratio for ceramic slurries was optimized. The results showed that the most optimal ratio for ceramic slurries is with 10% PVP or 5% PEG binder and the optimal attapulgite:TiO2 ratio is 1:1, which the slurry showed no cracking or deformation when air dried, as well as no collapse and cracking after 900 C sintering. The optimized printing parameters for attapulgite-based ceramic slurry printing layer heights of 0.8 mm, the printing pressure of 0.10 MPa, and the printing speed at 20 mm/S. XRD confirmed that TiO2 is a rutile phase. The stable and less active rutile phase of TiO2 as a photocatalyst is confirmed by the inhibition zone test and growth inhibition assay. SEM results further showed agglomeration of TiO2 after high-temperature sintering. This study lays a foundation for the attapulgite application in DSW printing to take advantage of its large specific surface areas.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing
AU  - Zhining Xu
AU  - Hairong Zhang
AU  - Ben Yao
AU  - Jianan Liu
AU  - Liang Yang
AU  - Jianping Shang
AU  - Jingyuan Fan
AU  - Lizhi Ouyang
AU  - Hua-Jun Shawn Fan
Y1  - 2023/04/15
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11
T2  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
JF  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
JO  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
SP  - 71
EP  - 80
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8353
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11
AB  - An 3D printing is a popular additive manufacturing tool that attracts attention from many sectors and direct slurry writing (DSW) printing is a suitable technique for creating functional ceramic material. This study investigates the suitable formula with various additives and binders and the process conditions that influence DSW printing quality. To combine the unique properties of PVP and PEG binders and attapulgite, various ceramic slurry formulas of attapulgite and TiO2 mixture were prepared for direct slurry writing (DSW) printing. Establishing both qualitative and quantitative assessments on the rheological outcomes, the ceramic slurry formula, printing parameter, drying, and sintering conditions, and the binder ratio for ceramic slurries was optimized. The results showed that the most optimal ratio for ceramic slurries is with 10% PVP or 5% PEG binder and the optimal attapulgite:TiO2 ratio is 1:1, which the slurry showed no cracking or deformation when air dried, as well as no collapse and cracking after 900 C sintering. The optimized printing parameters for attapulgite-based ceramic slurry printing layer heights of 0.8 mm, the printing pressure of 0.10 MPa, and the printing speed at 20 mm/S. XRD confirmed that TiO2 is a rutile phase. The stable and less active rutile phase of TiO2 as a photocatalyst is confirmed by the inhibition zone test and growth inhibition assay. SEM results further showed agglomeration of TiO2 after high-temperature sintering. This study lays a foundation for the attapulgite application in DSW printing to take advantage of its large specific surface areas.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Zhining Xu

College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
Hairong Zhang

College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
Ben Yao

College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
Jianan Liu

College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
Liang Yang

College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
Jianping Shang

College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
Jingyuan Fan

Carnegie Vanguard High School, Houston, USA
Lizhi Ouyang

Department of Physics and Mathematics, Tennessee State University, Nashville, USA
Hua-Jun Shawn Fan

College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China

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APA Style

Zhining Xu, Hairong Zhang, Ben Yao, Jianan Liu, Liang Yang, et al. (2023). Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing. American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, 8(2), 71-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11

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ACS Style

Zhining Xu; Hairong Zhang; Ben Yao; Jianan Liu; Liang Yang, et al. Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing. Am. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2023, 8(2), 71-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11

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AMA Style

Zhining Xu, Hairong Zhang, Ben Yao, Jianan Liu, Liang Yang, et al. Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing. Am J Sci Eng Technol. 2023;8(2):71-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11,
  author = {Zhining Xu and Hairong Zhang and Ben Yao and Jianan Liu and Liang Yang and Jianping Shang and Jingyuan Fan and Lizhi Ouyang and Hua-Jun Shawn Fan},
  title = {Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing},
  journal = {American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {71-80},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajset.20230802.11},
  abstract = {An 3D printing is a popular additive manufacturing tool that attracts attention from many sectors and direct slurry writing (DSW) printing is a suitable technique for creating functional ceramic material. This study investigates the suitable formula with various additives and binders and the process conditions that influence DSW printing quality. To combine the unique properties of PVP and PEG binders and attapulgite, various ceramic slurry formulas of attapulgite and TiO2 mixture were prepared for direct slurry writing (DSW) printing. Establishing both qualitative and quantitative assessments on the rheological outcomes, the ceramic slurry formula, printing parameter, drying, and sintering conditions, and the binder ratio for ceramic slurries was optimized. The results showed that the most optimal ratio for ceramic slurries is with 10% PVP or 5% PEG binder and the optimal attapulgite:TiO2 ratio is 1:1, which the slurry showed no cracking or deformation when air dried, as well as no collapse and cracking after 900 C sintering. The optimized printing parameters for attapulgite-based ceramic slurry printing layer heights of 0.8 mm, the printing pressure of 0.10 MPa, and the printing speed at 20 mm/S. XRD confirmed that TiO2 is a rutile phase. The stable and less active rutile phase of TiO2 as a photocatalyst is confirmed by the inhibition zone test and growth inhibition assay. SEM results further showed agglomeration of TiO2 after high-temperature sintering. This study lays a foundation for the attapulgite application in DSW printing to take advantage of its large specific surface areas.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Optimizing the Ceramic Slurry Formulation and Process Conditions for DSW Printing
AU  - Zhining Xu
AU  - Hairong Zhang
AU  - Ben Yao
AU  - Jianan Liu
AU  - Liang Yang
AU  - Jianping Shang
AU  - Jingyuan Fan
AU  - Lizhi Ouyang
AU  - Hua-Jun Shawn Fan
Y1  - 2023/04/15
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11
T2  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
JF  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
JO  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
SP  - 71
EP  - 80
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8353
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230802.11
AB  - An 3D printing is a popular additive manufacturing tool that attracts attention from many sectors and direct slurry writing (DSW) printing is a suitable technique for creating functional ceramic material. This study investigates the suitable formula with various additives and binders and the process conditions that influence DSW printing quality. To combine the unique properties of PVP and PEG binders and attapulgite, various ceramic slurry formulas of attapulgite and TiO2 mixture were prepared for direct slurry writing (DSW) printing. Establishing both qualitative and quantitative assessments on the rheological outcomes, the ceramic slurry formula, printing parameter, drying, and sintering conditions, and the binder ratio for ceramic slurries was optimized. The results showed that the most optimal ratio for ceramic slurries is with 10% PVP or 5% PEG binder and the optimal attapulgite:TiO2 ratio is 1:1, which the slurry showed no cracking or deformation when air dried, as well as no collapse and cracking after 900 C sintering. The optimized printing parameters for attapulgite-based ceramic slurry printing layer heights of 0.8 mm, the printing pressure of 0.10 MPa, and the printing speed at 20 mm/S. XRD confirmed that TiO2 is a rutile phase. The stable and less active rutile phase of TiO2 as a photocatalyst is confirmed by the inhibition zone test and growth inhibition assay. SEM results further showed agglomeration of TiO2 after high-temperature sintering. This study lays a foundation for the attapulgite application in DSW printing to take advantage of its large specific surface areas.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download